Generics and Compilation

Generics

• Rule: Use generics to create reusable and flexible components that work with any data type.

• Reason: Generics allow you to write functions, classes, and interfaces that can handle multiple data types while maintaining type safety.

Example:

function identity<T>(arg: T): T {
	return arg;
}

// Usage
const num = identity<number>(42);
const str = identity<string>('hello');

// Generic interface
interface Repository<T> {
	getById(id: number): T;
	getAll(): T[];
	save(item: T): void;
}

// Generic class
class ArrayWrapper<T> {
	private items: T[] = [];
	
	add(item: T): void {
		this.items.push(item);
	}
	
	get(index: number): T {
		return this.items[index];
	}
}

Compilation

• Rule: Configure the TypeScript compiler (tsc) using a tsconfig.json file to target specific ECMAScript versions and manage other compiler options.

• Reason: Proper configuration of tsconfig.json ensures compatibility with different JavaScript environments and fine-tuning of the TypeScript compiler.

Example (tsconfig.json):

{
	"compilerOptions": {
		"target": "ES2020",
		"module": "ESNext",
		"moduleResolution": "bundler",
		"strict": true,
		"noImplicitAny": true,
		"strictNullChecks": true,
		"esModuleInterop": true,
		"skipLibCheck": true
	},
	"include": ["src/**/*"],
	"exclude": ["node_modules"]
}

Summary:

• Generics SHOULD be used for reusable, type-safe components.
• tsconfig.json MUST be used to configure TypeScript compilation.